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Lock Haven, Pennsylvania Lock Haven, Pennsylvania Clinton County Courthouse, Lock Haven (1869), Samuel Sloan and Addison Hutton, architects Location in Clinton County and the state of Pennsylvania. Location in Clinton County and the state of Pennsylvania. The town/city of Lock Haven is the governmental center of county of Clinton County, in the U.S. Located near the confluence of the West Branch Susquehanna River and Bald Eagle Creek, it is the principal town/city of the Lock Haven Micropolitan Statistical Area, itself part of the Williamsport Lock Haven combined statistical area. At the 2010 census, Lock Haven's populace was 9,772. Built on a site long favored by pre-Columbian citizens s, Lock Haven began in 1833 as a timber town and a haven for loggers, boatmen, and other travelers on the river or the West Branch Canal. The town/city has three sites on the National Register of Historic Places Memorial Park Site, a momentous pre-Columbian archaeological find; Heisey House, a Victorian-era exhibition; and Water Street District, an region with a mix of 19th- and 20th-century architecture. While trade remains meaningful to the city, about a third of Lock Haven's workforce is working in education, community care, or civil services. Fluted point spearheads from this era, known as the Paleo-Indian Period, have been found in most parts of the state. Archeological discoveries at the Memorial Park Site 36 - Cn164 near the confluence of the West Branch Susquehanna River and Bald Eagle Creek collectively span about 8,000 years and represent every primary prehistoric reconstructionfrom the Middle Archaic to the Late Woodland period. Prehistoric cultural periods over that span encompassed the Middle Archaic starting at 6500 BCE; the Late Archaic starting at 3000 BCE; the Early Woodland starting at 1000 BCE; the Middle Woodland starting at 0 CE; and the Late Woodland starting at 900 CE. First contact with Europeans occurred in Pennsylvania between 1500 and 1600 CE. In the early 18th century, a tribal confederacy known as the Six Nations of the Iroquois, headquartered in New York, ruled the Indian (Native American) tribes of Pennsylvania, including those who lived near what would turn into Lock Haven. Indian settlements in the region included three Munsee villages on the 325-acre (1.32 km2) Great Island in the West Branch Susquehanna River at the mouth of Bald Eagle Creek. Four Indian trails, the Great Island Path, the Great Shamokin Path, the Bald Eagle Creek Path, and the Sinnemahoning Path, crossed the island, and a fifth, Logan's Path, met Bald Eagle Creek Path a several miles upstream near the mouth of Fishing Creek. During the French and Indian War (1754 63), colonial militiamen on the Kittanning Expedition finished Munsee property on the Great Island and along the West Branch. Eleven forts were assembled along or near the West Branch Susquehanna River between Fort Augusta, near the confluence with the North Branch Susquehanna, and Fort Reid at Lock Haven, near the confluence with Bald Eagle Creek. However, white pioneer continued to appropriate land, including tracts in and near the future site of Lock Haven, not veiled by the treaty. In 1769, Cleary Campbell, the first white settler in the area, assembled a log cabin near the present site of Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania, and by 1773 William Reed, another settler, had assembled a cabin surrounded by a stockade and called it Reed's Fort. It was the westernmost of 11 mostly primitive forts along the West Branch; Fort Augusta, at what is now Sunbury, was the easternmost and most defensible. Hundreds of citizens fled along the river to Fort Augusta, about 50 miles (80 km) from Fort Reed; some did not return for five years. In 1784, the second Treaty of Fort Stanwix, between the Iroquois and the United States, transferred most of the remaining Indian territory in Pennsylvania, including what would turn into Lock Haven, to the state. The U.S. Lock Haven was laid out as a town in 1833, and it became the governmental center of county in 1839, when the county was created out of parts of Lycoming and Centre counties. Incorporated as a borough in 1840 and as a town/city in 1870, Lock Haven prospered in the 19th century largely because of timber and transportation. A contemporary and metal monument and contemporary retaining walls memorialize a former canal lock. Canal monument incorporating old lock in downtown Lock Haven The West Branch Canal, which opened in 1834, ran 73 miles (117 km) from Northumberland to Farrandsville, about 5 miles (8 km) upstream from Lock Haven. A state-funded extension called the Bald Eagle Cut ran from the West Branch through Lock Haven and Flemington to Bald Eagle Creek. Lock Haven's founder, Jeremiah Church, and his brother, Willard, chose the town site in 1833 partly because of the river, the creek, and the canal. Church titled the town Lock Haven because it had a canal lock and because it was a haven for loggers, boatmen, and other travelers. A rapid increase in Lock Haven's populace (to 830 by 1850) followed the opening of the canal. A Lock Haven log boom, lesser than but otherwise similar to the Susquehanna Boom at Williamsport, was constructed in 1849. Large cribs of timbers weighted with tons of contemporary were arranged in the pool behind the Dunnstown Dam, titled for a settlement on the shore opposite Lock Haven. Lock Haven became the lumber center of Clinton County and the site of many businesses related to forest products. The Sunbury and Erie Railroad, retitled the Philadelphia and Erie Railroad in 1861, reached Lock Haven in 1859, and with it came a building boom. Hoping that the area's coal, iron ore, white pine, and high-quality clay would produce momentous future wealth, barns investors led by Christopher and John Fallon financed a line to Lock Haven. A second rail line, the Bald Eagle Valley Railroad, originally organized as the Tyrone and Lock Haven Railroad and instead of in the 1860s, linked Lock Haven to Tyrone, 56 miles (90 km) to the southwest. Log rafts in the late 19th century line the north bank of the West Branch Susquehanna River at Lock Haven. After that, manufacturing steadily declined throughout the state. Lock Haven's timber company was also affected by flooding, which badly damaged the canals and finished the log boom in 1889. The Central State Normal School, established to train teachers for central Pennsylvania, held its first classes in 1877 at a site overlooking the West Branch Susquehanna River. The small school, with enrollments below 150 until the 1940s, eventually became Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania. In the early 1880s, the New York and Pennsylvania Paper Mill in Castanea Township near Flemington began paper manufacturing on the site of a former sawmill; the paper foundry remained a large employer until the end of the 20th century. Bald Eagle Creek is in the foreground and the West Branch Susquehanna River is in the background. One of these, the electric street car, began operation in Lock Haven in 1894. The Lock Haven Electric Railway, managed by the Lock Haven Traction Company and after 1900 by the Susquehanna Traction Company, ran passenger street cars between Lock Haven and Mill Hall, about 3 miles (5 km) to the west. The street car line extended from the Philadelphia and Erie Railroad station in Lock Haven to a station of the Central Railroad of Pennsylvania, which served Mill Hall. The route went through Lock Haven's downtown, close to the Normal School, athwart town to the street car car barn on the southwest edge of the city, through Flemington, over the Bald Eagle Canal and Bald Eagle Creek, and on to Mill Hall via what was then known as the Lock Haven, Bellefonte, and Nittany Valley Turnpike. Plans to extend the line from Mill Hall to Salona, 3 miles (5 km) south of Mill Hall, and to Avis 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Lock Haven, were never carried out, and the line remained unconnected to other street car lines. Piper, Sr., assembled the Piper Aircraft Corporation factory in Lock Haven in 1937 after the company's Taylor Aircraft manufacturing plant in Bradford, Pennsylvania, was finished by fire. The state of Pennsylvania acquired Central State Normal School in 1915 and retitled it Lock Haven State Teachers College in 1927. The school's name was changed to Lock Haven State College in 1960, and its emphasis shifted to include the humanities, fine arts, mathematics, and civil sciences, as well as teacher education. Becoming Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania in 1983, it opened a branch ground in Clearfield, 48 miles (77 km) west of Lock Haven, in 1989. An 8-acre (3.2 ha) industrialized area in Castanea Township adjoining to Lock Haven was placed on the National Priorities List of uncontrolled hazardous waste sites (commonly referred to as Superfund sites) in 1982. Since 1995 a levee protects Lock Haven from the West Branch Susquehanna River. Shank, the Native Americans of Pennsylvania warned white pioneer that great floods occurred on the Delaware and Susquehanna rivers every 14 years. Big floods recorded at Harrisburg, on the chief stem of the Susquehanna about 120 miles (193 km) downstream from Lock Haven, occurred in 1784, 1865, 1889, 1894, 1902, 1936, and 1972. Readings from the Williamsport stream gauge, 24 miles (39 km) below Lock Haven on the West Branch of the Susquehanna, showed primary flooding between 1889 and 1972 in the same years as the Harrisburg station; in addition, a large flood occurred on the West Branch at Williamsport in 1946. Estimated flood-crest readings between 1847 and 1979 based on data from the National Weather Service flood gauge at Lock Haven show that flooding likely occurred in the town/city 19 times in 132 years. The biggest flood occurred on March 18, 1936, when the river crested at 32.3 feet (9.8 m), which was about 11 feet (3.4 m) above the flood stage of 21 feet (6.4 m). The third biggest flood, cresting at 29.8 feet (9.1 m) in Lock Haven, occurred on June 1, 1889, and coincided with the Johnstown Flood. The flood completed Lock Haven's log boom, and millions of feet of stored timber were swept away. The flood damaged the canals, which were later abandoned, and finished the last of the canal boats based in the city. The most damaging Lock Haven flood was caused by the remnants of Hurricane Agnes in 1972. The combination produced widespread rains of 6 to 12 inches (152 to 305 mm) with small-town amounts up to 19 inches (483 mm) in Schuylkill County, about 75 miles (121 km) southeast of Lock Haven. At Lock Haven, the river crested on June 23 at 31.3 feet (9.5 m), second only to the 1936 crest. The flood greatly damaged the paper foundry and Piper Aircraft. The universal encompassed a levee of 36,000 feet (10,973 m) and a flood wall of 1,000 feet (305 m) along the Susquehanna River and Bald Eagle Creek, closure structures, retention basins, a pumping station, and some relocation of roads and buildings. Lock Haven is the governmental center of county of Clinton County. According to the United States Enumeration Bureau, the town/city has a total region of 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2), 2.5 square miles (6.5 km2) of which is land. Routes 664 and 120 meet near the river in downtown Lock Haven. Lock Haven is at 561 feet (171 m) above sea level near the confluence of Bald Eagle Creek and the West Branch Susquehanna River in north-central Pennsylvania. The town/city is about 200 miles (320 km) by highway northwest of Philadelphia and 175 miles (280 km) northeast of Pittsburgh. U.S. Route 220, a primary transportation corridor, skirts the town/city on its south edge, intersecting with Pennsylvania Route 120, which passes through the town/city and joins it with Renovo in northern Clinton County. Other highways entering Lock Haven include Pennsylvania Route 664 and Pennsylvania Route 150, which joins to Avis. Bald Eagle Mountain, one of these ridges, runs alongside to Bald Eagle Creek on the south side of the city. Upstream of the confluence with Bald Eagle Creek, the West Branch Susquehanna River drains part of the Allegheny Plateau, a region of dissected highlands (also called the "Deep Valleys Section") generally north of the city. The geologic formations in the southeastern part of the town/city are mostly limestone, while those to the north and west consist mostly of siltstone and shale. Large parts of the town/city are flat, but slopes rise to the west, and very steep slopes are found along the river, on the college campus, and along Pennsylvania Route 120 as it approaches U.S. Under the Koppen climate classification, Lock Haven is in zone Dfa meaning a humid continental climate with hot or very warm summers. The average temperature here in January is 28 F ( 2 C), and in July it is 73 F (23 C). Climate data for Lock Haven, Pennsylvania In 2010, the city's populace included about 16 percent under the age of 18 and about 12 percent who were 65 years of age or older. Females accounted for 54 percent of the total. Students at the college comprised about a third of the city's population. In 2007, 640 businesses directed in Lock Haven. The median income for a homehold in the town/city during 2009 13 was about $25,000 compared to about $53,000 for the entire state of Pennsylvania. The per capita income for the town/city was about $19,000, and about 40 percent of Lock Haven's inhabitants lived below the poverty line. Lock Haven's economy, from the city's beginning in 1833 until the end of the 19th century, depended heavily on natural resources, especially timber, and on inexpensive transportation to easterly markets. Loggers used the Susquehanna River and Bald Eagle Creek to float timber to sawmills in Lock Haven and close-by towns. The West Branch Canal, reaching the town/city in 1834, connected to large markets downstream, and shorter canals along Bald Eagle Creek added other connections. In 1859, the first barns appeared in Lock Haven, spurring trade and economic growth. In 1938, the Piper Aircraft Corporation, manufacturer of the Piper Cub and other light airplane , moved its manufacturing plant to Lock Haven. It remained one of the city's biggest employers until the 1980s, when, after primary flood damage and losses related to Hurricane Agnes in 1972, it moved to Florida. The loss of Piper Aircraft contributed to an unemployment rate of more than 20% in Lock Haven in the early 1980s, though the rate had declined to about 9% by 2000. The city's biggest employers, Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania and Lock Haven Hospital, are among the seven biggest employers in Clinton County. Carillon at Lock Haven University Lock Haven University presents enhance concerts, plays, art exhibits, and student recitals at the Price Performance Center, the Sloan Auditorium, and the Sloan Fine Arts Gallery on campus. The Millbrook Playhouse in Mill Hall has produced plays since 1963. Summer concerts are held in town/city parks, and the small-town Junior Chamber International (Jaycees) chapter sponsors an annual boat regatta on the river. The town/city sponsors a festival called Airfest at the airport in the summer, a Halloween parade in October, and a holiday parade in December. The central library for Clinton County is the Annie Halenbake Ross Library in Lock Haven; it has about 130,000 books, subscriptions to periodicals, electronic resources, and other materials. Stevenson Library on the college campus has additional collections. An eight-room home, the Heisey House, restored to its mid-19th century appearance, displays Victorian-era collections; it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972 and is home to the Clinton County Historical Society. The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission has placed three cast aluminum markers Clinton County, Fort Reed, and Pennsylvania Canal (West Branch Division) in Lock Haven to memorialize historic places. The Water Street District, a mix of 19th- and 20th-century architecture near the river, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. Memorial Park Site 36 - Cn164, an archaeological site of prehistoric significance identified near the airport, was added to the National Register in 1982. The city's media include The Express, a daily newspaper, and The Eagle Eye, the student journal at the university. Radio stations WBPZ (AM) and WSQV (FM) broadcast from the city. In 1948, a team from the town/city won the Little League World Series. In 2011, the Keystone Little League based in Lock Haven advanced to the Little League World Series and placed third in the United States, drawing record crowds. Hanna Park includes tennis courts, and Hoberman Park includes a skate park. The Lock Haven City Beach, on the Susquehanna River, offers water access, a sand beach, and a bath home. A 25-mile (40 km) trail hike and run, the Bald Eagle Mountain Megatransect, took place annually near Lock Haven until it was replaced in 2016 by a similar event, the 27-mile (43 km) Boulder Beast. The small-town branch of the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) offers a wide range of recreational programs to members, and the Clinton Country Club maintains a private 18-hole golf course in Mill Hall. Lock Haven has a council-manager form of government. Lock Haven is the governmental center of county of Clinton County and homes county offices, courts, and the county library. Hanna, a Democrat, represents the 76th District, which includes Lock Haven, in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Joseph B. Scarnati III, a Republican, represents Lock Haven as part of the 25th District of the Pennsylvania State Senate. Durrwachter Alumni Conference Center at Lock Haven University The Keystone Central School District serves most of Clinton County, including Lock Haven, as well as parts of Centre County and Potter County. Three of the district's elementary schools are in Lock Haven: Dickey Elementary, Robb Elementary, and Woodward Elementary. The town/city has two private schools, Lock Haven Christian School, with about 80 students in kindergarten through 12th grade, and Lock Haven Catholic School, which had about 190 students in kindergarten through sixth undertaking as of 2002 03. In 2015, the Catholic School is completing a 10,000-square-foot (930 m2) expansion to include grades seven and eight, which will make it a combined elementary and middle school. Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania, offering a wide range of undergraduate studies as well as continuing-education and graduate-school programs at its chief campus, is situated in 175 acres (71 ha) on the west edge of the city. Lock Haven's Civil War Monument Lock Haven Taxi, based in the central downtown, has taxicabs for hire. Fullington Trailways provides daily intercity bus service between Lock Haven and close-by cities including State College, Williamsport, and Wilkes-Barre. Charter and tour buses are available through Susquehanna Trailways, based in Avis, 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Lock Haven. Pennsylvania Bicycle Route G follows Pennsylvania Route 150 and links to the Pine Creek Rail Trail at the easterly end of the county near Jersey Shore, Pennsylvania. The Norfolk Southern Railway mainline from Harrisburg to Buffalo, New York, runs through the center of Lock Haven. Trains serving Lock Haven carry only freight. The City of Lock Haven operates the William T. Electric service to Lock Haven inhabitants is provided by PPL (formerly known as Pennsylvania Power and Light), the gas division of which provides natural gas to the city. Several companies can furnish Lock Haven inhabitants with dial-up Internet access. One of them, KCnet, has an office in Lock Haven. The City of Lock Haven owns the reservoirs and water distribution fitness for Wayne Township, Castanea Township, and the city. The town/city also provides water to the Suburban Lock Haven Water Authority, which distributes it to encircling communities. Lock Haven operates a sewage treatment plant for waste water, industrialized waste, and trucked sewage from the town/city and eight upstream municipalities: Bald Eagle Township, Castanea, Flemington, Lamar, Mill Hall, Porter Township, Woodward Township, and Walker Township in Centre County. The Clinton County Solid Waste Authority owns and operates the Wayne Township Landfill, which serves Lock Haven. Lock Haven Hospital, front view panorama Lock Haven Hospital is a 77-bed hospital with a 120-bed extended-care unit. Brittani Kline, winner of America's Next Top Model (cycle 16), is a 2015 graduate of Lock Haven University. Alexander Mc - Donald, a U.S. Senator from Arkansas, was born near Lock Haven in 1832. Artist John French Sloan was born in Lock Haven in 1871, and cartoonist Alison Bechdel, author of Dykes to Watch Out For and Fun Home, was born in Lock Haven in 1960. Richard Lipez, author of the Donald Strachey mysteries, was born in Lock Haven in 1938. Other notable inhabitants have encompassed diplomat and Dartmouth College president John Sloan Dickey and federal judge Kermit Lipez of the U.S. National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, Pennsylvania a b c "City of Lock Haven". "State and County Quick - Facts: Lock Haven (city), Pennsylvania". Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. At the rough time of first contact, a several tribes lived in what later became Pennsylvania. The earliest recorded inhabitants of the West Branch Susquehanna River valley were the Susquehannocks, but they were wiped out by disease and warfare with the Iroquois, and the several members left moved west or were assimilated into other tribes by 1675. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.OCLC 1744740 (Note: OCLC refers to the 1961 First Edition). Historical collections of the State of Pennsylvania (Google Books online reprint). "Clinton County 7th class" (PDF). University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania Historical Association. "Lock Haven University: A Brief History". Lock Haven University. City of Lock Haven Planning Office; Clinton County Comprehensive Planning Advisory Committee; Gannett Fleming, Inc.; Larson Design Group. City of Lock Haven. "Intergovernmental Success in Multi-Component Flood Mitigation: The Lock Haven Flood Protection Project Experience" (PDF). "Statewide Floods in Pennsylvania, January 1996". "Landforms of Pennsylvania from Map 13, Physiographic Provinces of Pennsylvania" (PDF). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Memorial Park Site, 36 - Cn164" (PDF). Pennsylvania State Climatologist. "Lock Haven Local Climatological Data". "Quick - Facts: Lock Haven City, Pennsylvania". "Plan to Close Paper Mill Staggers Lock Haven". Lock Haven University. City of Lock Haven. "Annie Halenbake Ross Library Lock Haven, Pennsylvania Central Library". "Lock Haven University Libraries". Lock Haven University. "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Memorial Park Site 36 - Cn164" (PDF). Lock Haven University. City of Lock Haven. City of Lock Haven. "Pennsylvania General Assembly: Find Your Legislator". "Lock Haven Catholic School Groundbreaking". History of Centre and Clinton Counties, Pennsylvania (Digitized scan from the Pennsylvania State University digital library collections) (1st ed.). Old Town: A History of Early Lock Haven, 1769 1845. Lock Haven: The Annie Halenbake Ross Library. The Pennsylvania State University and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Historic Lock Haven: An Architectural Survey. Lock Haven: Clinton County Historical Society. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lock Haven, Pennsylvania. Municipalities and communities of Clinton County, Pennsylvania, United States Categories: Cities in Pennsylvania - Populated places on the Susquehanna River - University suburbs in the United States - County seats in Pennsylvania - Populated places established in 1769 - Cities in Clinton County, Pennsylvania - 1769 establishments in Pennsylvania - 1840 establishments in Pennsylvania - Lock Haven, Pennsylvania